I have found that this says more about the ability of the management and less about the ideas underpinning remote work. Large companies figured out some time ago that they could have a large remote workforce. So it isn't just Basecamp or whoever that is doing remote work. Remote work has it challenges but (and here is the important point) they can be managed if the team knows how to manage.
FOSS proved over two decades ago that you can build complex competitive systems with people you have never met. The fact that you couldn't make it work doesn't mean that it doesn't work. It means your company could not figure out how to make it work for you.
Large companies manage to not go out of business while still having a large remote workforce.
Large companies often have a ton of inertia, not a lot of competition, and they often take a very long time to fail. Just because they've started doing it, and are getting away with it for now, does not mean it's a good idea.
I'm not saying it's NOT a good idea, I'm just saying you can't tell based merely on the fact that they're doing it. They also have lots of employees who put in the bare minimum and punch a clock to draw a paycheck. Does that fly in a smaller, less well-funded company?
Google, a very large company with nearly unlimited technical resources, continues to bus workers 40 miles down the peninsula every day because they want workers to stay on-site. Google, of all companies, could afford as much office space in SF as they need, yet they still choose to only have a relatively small satellite office there.
The experience of large companies that have large remote workforces and FOSS projects that have workers so motivated that they'll work for no pay probably doesn't translate well to a small startup that doesn't have the resources of a large company, nor the employees so motivated that they'll work for free.
Remote work, as you say, has it's challenges, and sometimes it's better to pay the money avoid the challenges than to pay the money to confront the challenges.
Hmm... it could be argued that Google's repeated failures in the social networking space are compelling evidence that it's one of the least likely companies to succeed with remote workers.
FOSS proved over two decades ago that you can build complex competitive systems with people you have never met. The fact that you couldn't make it work doesn't mean that it doesn't work. It means your company could not figure out how to make it work for you.