> To make `Z` a column vector, we would need something like `Z = (Y @ X)[:,np.ne...

ivansavz · 2025-12-16T05:21:01 1765862461

It seems `(Y @ X)[None]` produces a row vector of shape (1,3),

   (Y @ X)[None]
   
   # array([[14, 32, 50]])

but `(Y @ X)[None].T` works as you described:

   (Y @ X)[None].T
   
   # array([[14],
   #        [32],
   #        [50]])

I don't know either RE supposed to or not, though I know np.newaxis is an alias for None.