Yes. One instance is the law that says that a child should be executed if he disrespects his parents (one of the ten commandments).
The text says the parents must "speak with one voice" of their child's disrespect. The rabbis interpret this to mean the parents must speak literally with the same voice as though some divine entity is speaking through them.
And of course that's not possible so there is no record of any child being executed under that law.
And the justification for this radical interpretation is that "the Torah is not in heaven" [1]. Essentially this means that even if there is some divine indication that an interpretation is incorrect, it is irrelevant. God comes down to tell the rabbinate that they've made a mistake and the rabbis tell God that his opinion doesn't matter.
The text says the parents must "speak with one voice" of their child's disrespect. The rabbis interpret this to mean the parents must speak literally with the same voice as though some divine entity is speaking through them.
And of course that's not possible so there is no record of any child being executed under that law.
And the justification for this radical interpretation is that "the Torah is not in heaven" [1]. Essentially this means that even if there is some divine indication that an interpretation is incorrect, it is irrelevant. God comes down to tell the rabbinate that they've made a mistake and the rabbis tell God that his opinion doesn't matter.
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Not_in_Heaven