If your company is using google apps, this would be one of the things of concern. How could you ensure none of your trade secrets are unintentionally leaking via meta data, etc... Unless every account is self-contained and isolated and encrypted at rest and they don't retain a master/admin key.
For sure there are arguments for scanning (threat detection/spam detection) but that has to be weighed against the meta data you are providing the provider, as well as knowing you are not in control of your data and someone else has a means to access the data, even if it's for learning purposes.
I'll leave that up to your imagination. Additionally, imagine you have an email archive policy but occasionally you need to have some messages deleted, for compliance reasons, do they get deleted from all places they existed in google infrastructure? Are that henceforth irretrievable by google?
If the material includes sensitive personal information, privacy laws may require that the information be destroyed or "put beyond use" within a certain timeframe after the information is no longer necessary.
You might also, for example, have contractual obligations with another company to delete business confidential information after the end of the contract.
Many corps operate 'compliance smoothing' in which materials are proactively deleted. Where I worked all e-mails were purged after 90 days unless the user manually saved them elsewhere.
We seem to be fast approaching a time where people realize they want their privacy.
Saying you don't care about privacy because you have nothing to hide is like saying do you don't care about free speech because you have nothing to say.
How though is Google parsing your email and annotating Google Maps any different to simply showing you the email in your inbox? It's providing you alone with another way to read your own email.
Definitely this only applies to government (esp law enforcement) requests.
Re: does it just protect US citizens or everyone's emails: dunno. That's a great question. My guess is that it's aimed at US citizens but I imagine agreements like privacy shield may extend those rights to some non citizens. IANAL though and am mostly speculating.
You have opted in to that "reading" of your email as a convenience to yourself. Any purpose a government puts to that "voluntary" disclosure remains to be seen.
For example, I noticed recently, that if I have a hotel booked, Google "reads" my email and annotates Google maps with the dates of my booking.
Does this act apply only to the government's access to email or also the provider's?
Edit: Also, does the government need a warrant only for US citizens' accounts or for anyone's emails stored on US servers?